Archive for the 'American Foreign Policy' Category
Live Streaming of The Second Inauguration of President Barack Obama, January 21, 2013
• January 21, 2013 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Barack and Michelle Obama, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Cultural History, Democrats, History, National Issues, Obama Administration, People of Color, Race, Religion, Television, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World
Tags: African Americans, Barack Obama, Blacks, Capitol Hill, Common Sense, Faiths, First Lady Michelle Obama, FLOTUS, Inauguration, Live Streaming, Love, Martin Luther King, Michelle Obama, National Mall, Prayers, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Sasha and Malia Obama, Second Inaugural, The First Lady, The King Bible, The King Holiday, United States, United States presidential inauguration, Washington D.C.
The Democratic Convention, September 5, 2012: Sandra Fluke, Elizabeth Warren, Sister Simone Campbell of the Nuns on the Bus, and the Former Employees of Companies Controlled by Bain Capital
• September 10, 2012 • Comments OffPosted in Affordable Care Act, African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Budget Cuts, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Democrats, Education, Elizabeth Warren, Facebook, Health, Health Care/The Public Option, Homelessness, Immigration, Joblessness, Labor History, Labor Relations, Medicaid/Medicare, National Issues, Obama Administration, Protestant Denominations, Public Intellectualism, Religion, Sandra Fluke, Social Security, Television, The Clintons, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Nuns on the Bus, The Tea Party Movement, Unions/Union Busting, Voter Suppression, Women
Tags: 2012 Presidential Election, Adam Mutterperl, Ampad, Bill Clinton, Cherokee Ancestry, Cindy Hewitt, Dade Behring, David Foster, Democratic National Convention, Elizabeth Warren, Fluke, Harvard Law School, JibJab, Minorities, Native Americans, Network, Nuns on the Bus, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Presidential Elections, Randy Johnson, Roger Stone, Scott Brown, Sister Simone, Sister Simone Campbell, Steel Workers Union, Steelworkers Union, Ted Kennedy, The 2012 Presidential Campaign, United States
That Poster From Facebook: How We See President Obama
• August 11, 2012 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Barack and Michelle Obama, Black People, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Democrats, Education, Facebook, Obama Administration, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Tea Party Movement
Tags: African Americans, Barack Obama, Blacks, Booker T. Washington, Children, Common Sense, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt, Great White Fleet, History, New Deal, President Barack Obama, Racism, Republicans, Roosevelt, Square Deal, Taft, Teddy Roosevelt, The American Lake, Theodore Roosevelt, United States, White House, William Howard Taft
Those Pictures from Facebook: The Olympics
• July 29, 2012 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Barack and Michelle Obama, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Cultural History, Democrats, European History, Facebook, Jews, Love, People of Color, Protestant Denominations, Race, Sports, Television, The Beatles, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Summer Olympics 2012, Women, World War II
Tags: Academy Award, African Americans, Amateur Sports, Avalon, Biracial Children, Biracials, Black Hair, Britain, British History, Children, Danny Boyle, Elizabeth II, Facebook, Glastonbury Tor, Global Secular Humanist Movement, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Growing Up, Hair, Highlights, Industrial Revolution, Lolo Jones, London, Lord Voldemort, Love, Mitt Romney, Mixed, Mr. Bean, National Health Service, Olympic Games, People of Color, Prince Philip, Queen, Queen Victoria, Racism, Rowan Atkinson, Slumdog Millionaire, Sport, Sports, The 2012 Summer Olympics, The Olympics, Track and Field, United States, World War II
“The Black Power Mixtape: 1967-1975″ Comes to Wisconsin Public Broadcasting Friday, February 10 and Saturday, February 11
• February 10, 2012 • 1 CommentPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Angela Davis, Barack and Michelle Obama, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Discrimination, Documentaries, Documentary, Education, Film, Hate Crimes, Journalism and Ethics, Public Television, Race, Television, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Tea Party Movement, Women
Tags: "The Black Power Mixtape: 1967-1975", African Americans, Angela Davis, Ann Dunham, Barack Obama, Black Militancy, Black Panther, Black Power, Black Women, Blacks, California, COINTELPRO, Eldridge Cleaver, Film, Film Documentary, Growing Up, Huey P. Newton, Independent Lens, Prison Ethos, Prisons, Racism, Stokely Carmichael, The Black Panther Party for Self Defense, The Seventies, The Sixties, The Wisconsin Channel, United States, Vietnam War, Violence, WPT.org
That Cartoon From Facebook
• January 3, 2012 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Black People, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Labor History, Labor Relations, National Issues, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, Unions/Union Busting
Tags: African Americans, Arts, Cartoon, Cartoons, Facebook, GOP, Online Communities, Political Cartoons, Politics, Posters, Racism, Republicans, Social Media, Social Networking, The Other 98%, Twitter, United States
Christmas Songs: Marvin Gaye, “I Want to Come Home for Christmas,” 1972
• December 21, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in Afghanistan, African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Cultural History, Education, Health, Holidays, Iraq, Love, Marvin Gaye/Tammi Terrell, Mental Health/Psychology, Music, Obama Administration, Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Race, The Mainstream Media (MSM)
Tags: Afghanistan, African Americans, Berry Gordy, Blacks, Charting, Christmas, Christmas in The City, Forest Hairston, Funk Brothers, Iraq, Marvin, Marvin Gaye, Motown, Motown Records, Occupation, Prisoners of War, Santa Claus, South Vietnam, The Funk Brothers, The Nineties, The Seventies, United States, Vietnam, Vietnam War
Flip The Bird at Barack Obama, and You May Get Fired. Even in Russia…
• December 2, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, Africans, American Foreign Policy, Black People, Class, European History, Journalism and Ethics, Obama Administration, Race, Russia, The Mainstream Media (MSM), Women
Tags: African Russians, Anti-Americanism, Barack Obama, Black Russians, Blacks, Dr. Jason Johnson, Faux Noise, Fox News, Insult, Obama Haters, Oligarchy, Politics, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Racism, REN-TV, Russians of Color, Social Media, Tatyana Limanova, The Kremlin, Twitter, Vladimir Putin, You Tube
Veteran Marine Sgt. Shemar Thomas on the Occupy Wall Street Protests: “This is Our Time…to Change The Greed…in America”
• October 18, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Bailouts, Black People, Budget Cuts, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Health, Homelessness, Joblessness, Labor History, Labor Relations, Mental Health/Psychology, Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Public Intellectualism, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Tea Party Movement
Tags: 3rd Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion, Afghan War, African Americans, Anarchists, Baggers, Benefits, Blacks, Civil Liberties, Civil Servants, Common Sense, Constables on Patrol, Countdown with Keith Olbermann, Current TV, Demonstrations, Dirty Hippies, Iraq, Iraq War, J. Edgar Hoover, Jobless, New York City Police Department, New York's Finest, Occupy Wall Street, OWS, Poor People's Campaign, Poverty, Raw Story, Ready-TV.com, Republicans, Riverside Church, Sgt. Shemar Thomas, Single Issue Politics, The Black Middle Class, The February Uprising, The Middle Class, The Poor People's Campaign, The Tea Party, Unemployed, Union Contracts, Union Members, United States, Veterans, Vietnam War, Wages, Wall Street, War Veteran, Wisconsin, Workers, You Tube, YouTube
As You Prepare to Drive to Your Memorial Day Destination, Take Time to Check Out Mark Fiore’s “Oil Anthem”
• May 27, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Class, Consumer Fraud, Cultural History, Environmental Crimes, Journalism and Ethics, Obama Administration, Travel
Tags: BP, Cartoonist, Conoco, Consumers, Exxon Mobil, First Holiday Season 2011, Gas, Gas Grass Ass, Gasoline, Gouging, Greed, Holiday, Holidays, Mark Fiore, Memorial Day, Oil Companies, Oil Industry, Political Cartoons, Summer Vacation, United States, Unofficial Start to Summer
The President and The First Lady in Ireland
• May 23, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in African American History, Africans, American Foreign Policy, American History, Asians/Asian Pacific/Asian Americans, Barack and Michelle Obama, Black Britons/British Caribbean, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Education, European History, Exploration and Colonization, Immigration, Ireland, Jamaica/British Caribbean, Love, Obama Administration, People of Color, Race, Scotland, The Rest of the World, United Kingdom, Women
Tags: African American, African Americans, Ancestry, Barack Obama, Blacks, Enda Kenny, George W. Bush, Great Famine (Ireland), Ireland, Irish American, Irish of Color, Love, Moneygall, Muhammad Ali, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Racism, Republic of Ireland, Taoiseach, The Great Famine, The Irish Diaspora, United States
Cut Steeler Rashard Mendenhall, An Athlete Thinking Aloud, Some Slack
• May 11, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Education, International Terrorism, Journalism and Ethics, People of Color, Protestant Denominations, Public Intellectualism, Race, Rashard Mendenhall, Religion, SGI Nichiren Buddhism, Sports, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, War Crimes
Tags: 9-11, Anger, Animality, Buddhism, Celebrity, Charlie Sheen, Communication, Curt Flood, Football, Football Player, Hell, Hunger, Jack and Jill Politics, Jingoism, Nationalism, Osama bin Laden, Patriotism, Pittsburgh Steelers, Players' Strike, Rashard Mendenhall, Slavery, Social Justice, Social Networking, Sports, The Four Evil Paths, The World Trade Center, Tweets, Twitter, United States, War on Terror, White House, World Trade Center
Clearing Up What Has Happened to Bin Laden’s Wives (Concubines?) and Children in the Aftermath of His Death
• May 3, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in Afghanistan, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Arabs, Class, Indians/Bangladeshi/Pakistani, International Terrorism, Islam/Sufism, Journalism and Ethics, Love, Mental Health/Psychology, Obama Administration, Pakistan, People of Color, Sexuality, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, Women
Tags: Afghanistan, al Qaeda, Amal al-Sadeh, Arabs, Barack Obama, Bin Laden, Central Intelligence Agency, Children, CIA, Concubines, Counterintelligence, Daily Telegraph, Fake, Family, Fighting Back, Hamza bin Laden, Islam, John Brennan, Khalid bin Laden, Last Will and Testament, Marriage, Motherhood, Muslims, Osama bin Laden, Pakistan, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Resistance, Sa'ad bin Laden, Saudi Arabia, Saudis, Syria, Tora Bora, Ultra-Orthodox Islam, United States, United States Department of Defense, United States Navy SEALs, Usama bin Laden, Wahhabism, White House, Wife, Will, Wives, Women, Yemen
Another View About How The Media Lies–Yes, YOU Too Faux Noise, NPR, MSNBC, CNN…
• May 3, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in American Foreign Policy, American Politics, Class, Crime, Democrats, Democrats in Name Only, Education, International Terrorism, Journalism and Ethics, National Issues, Public Intellectualism, Public Television, Race, Religion, Television, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, War Crimes, Wisconsin, Women
Tags: "Manufacturing Consent", Beauty Contest, CNN, Conservatism, Corporate Media, Edward Herman, Junk Food, League of Women Voters, Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Noam Chomsky, NPR, Politics, Showcase, The Mainstream Media, United States, Viewpoints
Osama Bin Laden Has Been Killed; His Body Is In U.S. Custody (w/Updates)
• May 1, 2011 • 3 CommentsPosted in Afghanistan, American Foreign Policy, American History, Crime, International Terrorism, Islam/Sufism, Obama Administration, Pakistan, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World
Tags: 2001, 911, ABC News, Afghanistan, al Qaeda, Ayman al Zawahiri, Barack Obama, Capture, CBS News, CNN, Death, Escape, International Terrorism, Islam, Killed, Location of Osama bin Laden, Military Intelligence, Muslims, National Security, NBC News, Obama Administration, Osama bin Laden, Pakistan, President, President Barack Obama, President George W. Bush, President Obama, President of the United States, Republicans, Secessionist Movements, September 11, Taliban, Terrorism, The CIA, The Twin Towers, Tora Bora, Troops, U.S. Military, United States, War on Terror, World Trade Center
The President and Seth Meyers at The White House Correspondents’ Dinner, April 30, 2011
• May 1, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in American Foreign Policy, American Politics, Barack and Michelle Obama, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Comedy, Cultural History, Democrats, Journalism and Ethics, National Issues, Obama Administration, Public Intellectualism, Public Television, Race, Religion, Science, Sexuality, Sports, Television, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Tea Party Movement
Tags: 2012, 2012 Presidential Campaign, 2012 Presidential Election, African Americans, Barack Obama, Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories, Biden, Birthers, Comb-Over, Democrats, Donald Trump, First Lady Michelle Obama, Michelle Obama, MSM, President Barack Obama, President Obama, President of the United States, Presidential Elections, Racism, Republican, Republican Challengers, Republicans, Saturday Night Live, Seth Meyers, SNL, SNL Alumni, The First Lady, The Mainstream Media, The News Media, The White House, The White House Correspondents' Dinner, Vice President Joe Biden, White House, White House Correspondents Association
The Ancestors Bring Home Manning Marable, 60, Author-Scholar-Activist, Two Days Before He Was To Publish His Bio of Malcolm X
• April 2, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Black People, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Cultural History, Democrats, Education, Health, Journalism and Ethics, Love, National Issues, People of Color, Public Intellectualism, Race, The Rest of the World, Women
Tags: "The Autobiography of Malcolm X", African American, Alex Haley, Civil Rights, Columbia University, Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism, Double Lung Transplant, Hip Hop Generation, Legacy, Malcolm X, Manning Marable, New York City, NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital, Sarcoidosis, The Crisis of Color and Democracy: Essays on Race Class and Power, The Great Wells Of Democracy: The Meaning Of Race In American Life, Transplant, University of Wisconsin Madison, UW-Madison, Working Families, Working Families Party
Whoa! Iman Al-Obeidi Married? Plus, A Video From Her Mother
• March 29, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in Africans, American Foreign Policy, Arabs, Class, Education, Hate Crimes, History, Iman al-Obeidi, Islam/Sufism, Libya, Mental Health/Psychology, Murder/Manslaughter, Obama Administration, Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Rape/Sex Crimes, Revolutions, Sexual Harassment, The Rest of the World, War Crimes, Women
Tags: Al Jazeera, Al-Aan, Aljazeeera, Authoritarian Government, Bab Al-Aziziya, Benghazi, Civil War, Culture, Eman al Obaidi, Eman Al Obaidy, Eman al-Obeidi, Faraj Ghaithi, Fiancé, Gaddafi, Gang Rape, Gang Rape Survivor, Heroine, Honor, Imam Atik Salih, Iman al-Obeidi, Islam, Law Student, Lawyer, Libya, Libyan, Libyan Youth Movement, Martyr, Moammar Khaddafy, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Muslims, Politics of Libya, Protests, Rape, Rape Victim, Sexual Abuse, The Libyan Uprising, Time Magazine, Tobruk, Tripoli, Virginity, Wadad Omar, Zawiyah, ايمان العبيدي
The President’s Speech on Libya
• March 29, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in Afghanistan, African American History, Africans, American Foreign Policy, American History, Arabs, Class, Democrats, Egypt, France, Hate Crimes, Iraq, Islam/Sufism, Journalism and Ethics, Libya, Murder/Manslaughter, Obama Administration, Rape/Sex Crimes, Revolutions, Television, The Iraq War II, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, Tunisia, United Kingdom, War Crimes, Women
Tags: African Americans, Africans, al Qaeda, Arab League, Benghazi, Blacks, British Petroleum, Europe, European Interests, Libya, Mideast, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Murder, No-Fly Zone, North Africa, Oil, President Barack Obama, President Obama, Rape, Rebels, The Bill Press Show, The Mic, Torture, United Arab Emirates, United Nations Security Council, United States
The Case of Libyan Iman al-Obeidi: Raping Women Is Still A Terrorist Act
• March 28, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in American Foreign Policy, Arabs, Civil Rights/Human Rights, Class, Crime, Education, European History, Exploration and Colonization, Hate Crimes, Islam/Sufism, Journalism and Ethics, Libya, Mental Health/Psychology, Obama Administration, People of Color, Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Rape/Sex Crimes, Revolutions, Sexuality, Television, The Mainstream Media (MSM), War Crimes, Women
Tags: Abuse, Aisha Ahmed, Barbary Pirates, Benghazi, CNN, Democracy, Foreign Press Corps, Hague, Hasan Modeer, Iman al-Obeidi, Law Student, Lebanon, Libya, Link TV, Middle East, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Muslims, Nation Building, NATO, NBN TV, Neo-Colonialism, Nicolas Sarkozy, North Africa, Rebels, Sexual Abuse, The Hague, The Rixos Hotel, Tobruk, Tripoli, Uprising, War
How Come Haiti Can Stand With Japan, But The Rest of The World Doesn’t?
• March 19, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in American Foreign Policy, Asians/Asian Pacific/Asian Americans, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Cultural History, Japan, Natural Disasters, New Orleans, People of Color, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, World History
Tags: Akihito, Black Tokyo, Economy, George Clooney, Gilbert Gottfried, Haiti, Hirohito, Hollywood, Hurricane Katrina, Japan, Leadership, Looting, New Orleans, Scavengers, Scavenging, Telethon, The Tohoku Earthquake, Tsunami, United States, World Economy, World War II
Why Should Black People Care About What Happens To Japan? Because Black People Live and Work in Japan, That’s Why
• March 16, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, Asians/Asian Pacific/Asian Americans, Black Expatriates, Black People, Class, Cultural History, Documentary, Education, Film, Health, Homelessness, Japan, Joblessness, Love, Music, Natural Disasters, New Orleans, People of Color, Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, Race, SGI Nichiren Buddhism, Television, The Mainstream Media (MSM), Travel, Who I Am, World History, World War II
Tags: "The African American Experience in Japan", "The Japan Times", 50 Cent, Aid, Ainu, Akafia, Alexandra Wallace, Assistance, Black Tokyo, Bush II, City, Country, Daimoku, Dear Life Japan, Dobashi's, Earthquake, Eric L. Robinson, Expatriates, Foreigners, Fulbright Fellow, Gai-jin, Gaijin, Gongyo, Gunjin, Homogeneity, Jackson Street, Japan Earthquake, Japanese, Jero, Jerome White, Jerome White Jr., Kokujin, Living in Japan, Meltdown, Miyagi Prefecture, New Orleans, Nichi Bei Bussan, Nichiren Buddhism, Nichiren Daishonin's Buddhism, Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Weapons, Okinawans, Outsiders, Payback, Pearl Harbor, Pioneers, Purity, Rastafarianism, Reggie Life, Sendai, SGI Buddhism, Takara in Tokyo, Takara Swoopes Bullock, The Katrina Diaspora, Tofu Factory, Tremors, Tsunami, UCLA, Working in Japan, 東北地方太平洋沖地震
Former President Jean Bertrand Aristide Returning to Haiti
• March 12, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in Race, Obama Administration, Education, The Rest of the World, Class, Democrats in Name Only, American Foreign Policy, South Africa, Brazil, Natural Disasters, Haiti, Africans, France, Canada, The Clintons, Haitians/Francophone Caribbean, Exploration and Colonization
Tags: South Africa, Jesse Jackson, Blacks, Drug Cartels, Racism, Harry Belafonte, Love, United States, Self-Worth, Self-Respect, Democracy, Haiti, Haitians, The United Nations, Danny Glover, Exile, Exiles, Earthquake, The Caribbean, Jean-Claude Duvalier, The Haitian Earthquake, Fanmi Lavalas, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, WikiLeaks, United Nations Security Council, "Baby Doc" Duvalier, Maryse Narcisse, Organization of American States, Michel Martelly, Mirlande Manigat, Pretoria S.A., Passport, President Rene Preval, President Jacob Zuma, Madame Mildred Preval, Puppets, Drug Money, Return, Glen Ford, MINUSTAH
“Sing Your Song”, a Bio Documentary on Harry Belafonte, Comes to HBO in Fall 2011
• March 10, 2011 • 1 CommentPosted in African American History, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Cultural History, Documentary, Education, Film, Music, People of Color, Public Intellectualism, Race, Television, The Rest of the World
Tags: "Shadow and Act", "Sing Your Song", African Americans, Biography, Caribbean-Americans, Civil Rights, Documentary, Gina Belafonte, Harry Belafonte, HBO, Julius R. Nasso, Karol Martesko-Fenster, Martin Luther King Jr., Michael Cohl, NeoGriot, Paul Robeson, Sundance Film Festival, The Caribbean, The Futon Critic, United States


























Getting “Real”: Bill Maher’s New Rules For Republicans After The Past Two Weeks
• May 8, 2011 • Comments OffPosted in Afghanistan, African American History, Africans, American Foreign Policy, American History, American Politics, Arabs, Barack and Michelle Obama, Bill Maher, Black People, Celebrities/Royals, Class, Comedy, Cultural History, Democrats, Indians/Bangladeshi/Pakistani, International Terrorism, Iraq, Islam/Sufism, Late Night TV, Mental Health/Psychology, Obama Administration, Pakistan, People of Color, Public Intellectualism, Race, Television, The Economy, The Mainstream Media (MSM), The Rest of the World, The Tea Party Movement
Tags: "Real Time with Bill Maher", Africa, African American, African Americans, Barack Obama, Ben Bernanke, Bill Maher, Black, Cleaning House, Comedy, Commentary, Common Sense, Conspiracy Theories, Defense, FBP, First Black President, GOP, Grecian Formula, HBO, Just for Men, Michael Eric Dyson, National Security, Osama bin Laden, President Barack Obama, Punditry, Pundits, Racism, Republican, Saudi Arabia, Seth Meyers, The Economy, The Rich, The White House Correspondents' Dinner, Timothy Geithner, Tora Bora, Twin Towers, United States